1. What is Volumetric Flow Rate?

Definition: Volumetric flow rate measures the volume of fluid that passes through a given surface per unit time.

Purpose: This calculator helps engineers and technicians determine flow rates in pipes, channels, and other fluid systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (gallons per minute)
• \( V \) — Velocity of the fluid (feet per second)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet)
• \( 448.83 \) — Conversion factor (ft³/s to GPM)

Explanation: The velocity multiplied by area gives flow in ft³/s, which is then converted to gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations are essential for system design, pump sizing, and ensuring proper fluid transport.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid velocity in ft/s and cross-sectional area in ft². Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the conversion factor 448.83?
A: This converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q2: How do I measure cross-sectional area?
A: For pipes, use \( A = \pi r^2 \) where r is the pipe radius. For rectangular ducts, use width × height.

Q3: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: Typically 2-8 ft/s for water, with 4-6 ft/s being most common in residential plumbing.

Q4: Can I use this for gases?
A: Yes, but gas flow rates are often measured in standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM) at standard conditions.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: This provides theoretical flow rate. Actual flow may vary due to friction, viscosity, and other factors.