1. What is Volumetric Flow Rate?

Definition: Volumetric flow rate measures the volume of fluid that passes through a given surface per unit time.

Purpose: This calculator helps engineers and technicians determine the flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM) based on velocity and cross-sectional area.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (gallons per minute, GPM)
• \( V \) — Velocity of the fluid (feet per second, ft/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet, ft²)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM)

Explanation: The velocity multiplied by area gives flow in ft³/s, which is then converted to GPM.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations are essential for designing piping systems, pumps, and fluid handling equipment in various industries.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid velocity in ft/s and the cross-sectional area in ft². Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the conversion factor 448.83?
A: This converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³ = 7.48052 gallons, 60 seconds/minute → 7.48052 × 60 ≈ 448.83).

Q2: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: For water, typical velocities range from 2-8 ft/s depending on pipe size and application.

Q3: How do I calculate cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: A = π × (diameter/2)². For rectangular ducts: A = width × height.

Q4: Can this be used for gases?
A: Yes, but gas flow calculations often require additional factors for compressibility and temperature.

Q5: What if I have flow rate and need to find velocity?
A: Rearrange the formula: V = Q / (A × 448.83).