1. What is a Flow Rate Velocity Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the velocity of fluid flow based on the volumetric flow rate and cross-sectional area of the pipe or channel.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and fluid system designers calculate flow velocity for proper system design and analysis.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( V \) — Velocity (feet per second)
• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (GPM to ft³/s)

Explanation: The flow rate is converted from GPM to ft³/s and then divided by the cross-sectional area to determine velocity.

3. Importance of Flow Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity calculation ensures efficient system operation, prevents erosion or sedimentation, and helps maintain desired flow characteristics.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in GPM and cross-sectional area in square feet. Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is 448.83 used in the formula?
A: This converts gallons per minute to cubic feet per second (1 GPM = 0.002228 ft³/s, inverse is 448.83).

Q2: What's a typical velocity range for water in pipes?
A: Generally 2-5 ft/s for supply lines, 5-10 ft/s for drainage, but varies by application.

Q3: How do I calculate cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times r^2 \) where r is radius in feet.

Q4: Can I use this for other fluids besides water?
A: Yes, but the conversion factor remains the same as it's based on volume flow rate.

Q5: What if I know diameter instead of area?
A: First calculate area using \( A = \pi \times (D/2)^2 \) where D is diameter in feet.