1. What is Flow Rate of a Pipe?

Definition: This calculator determines the volumetric flow rate of a fluid through a pipe in gallons per minute (GPM) based on velocity and cross-sectional area.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and fluid system designers calculate pipe flow rates for various applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute, GPM)
• \( V \) — Velocity of fluid (feet per second, ft/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area of pipe (square feet, ft²)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (cubic feet per second to GPM)

Explanation: The velocity multiplied by area gives flow in cubic feet per second, which is then converted to gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculation ensures proper pipe sizing, system efficiency, and meets design requirements for fluid transport systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid velocity in ft/s and pipe cross-sectional area in ft². All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I find the cross-sectional area of a pipe?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times r² \) where r is the radius in feet.

Q2: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: Domestic water systems typically use 5-8 ft/s; industrial systems may go higher.

Q3: Why 448.83 conversion factor?
A: It converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q4: Can this be used for gases?
A: Yes, but gas flow calculations often include additional factors like compressibility.

Q5: How does pipe material affect flow rate?
A: Material affects friction loss but not this basic calculation - use for ideal flow.