1. What is a Flow Velocity to Flow Rate Calculator?

Definition: This calculator converts flow velocity to volumetric flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM) using the cross-sectional area of the pipe or channel.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and fluid system designers quickly determine flow rates when velocity measurements are available.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute, GPM)
• \( V \) — Flow velocity (feet per second, ft/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet, ft²)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (cubic feet per second to GPM)

Explanation: The velocity multiplied by area gives flow in cubic feet per second, which is then converted to GPM.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate determination is essential for proper system design, pump selection, and ensuring adequate fluid delivery in piping systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow velocity in ft/s and cross-sectional area in ft². For circular pipes, area = π × (diameter/2)².

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the conversion factor 448.83?
A: It converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q2: How do I find the cross-sectional area?
A: For pipes: A = π × r² where r is the radius in feet. For rectangular channels: A = width × height.

Q3: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: Domestic water systems typically range 4-8 ft/s, while industrial systems may go higher.

Q4: Can I use this for other fluids?
A: Yes, but the result will be in GPM (volume flow) regardless of fluid density.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It's theoretically exact, but actual flow may vary due to friction, turbulence, and pipe roughness.