1. What is a Flow per Minute Calculator?

Definition: This calculator estimates the volumetric flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM) based on fluid velocity and cross-sectional area.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and fluid system designers determine flow rates in pipes and channels.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute)
• \( V \) — Velocity (feet per second)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (cubic feet to gallons and seconds to minutes)

Explanation: The product of velocity and area gives flow in cubic feet per second, which is then converted to gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations ensure proper system design, pump sizing, and pipe diameter selection for efficient fluid transport.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid velocity in ft/s and the cross-sectional area in ft². All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does the 448.83 conversion factor represent?
A: It converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q2: How do I measure cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times r^2 \) where r is the radius in feet.

Q3: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: Typically 2-8 ft/s for water, with 4-5 ft/s being most common in residential plumbing.

Q4: Can this be used for gases?
A: Yes, but gas flow calculations often require additional factors for compressibility.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It provides theoretical maximum flow; actual flow may be less due to friction and other losses.