Flow to Velocity Calculator

Velocity Formula:

\[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \]

Velocity (ft/s):

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1. What is a Flow to Velocity Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the fluid velocity based on flow rate and cross-sectional area of the pipe or channel.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and fluid system designers calculate how fast fluid is moving through a system.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \]

Where:

\( V \) — Velocity (feet per second)
\( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute)
\( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet)
448.83 — Conversion factor (GPM to ft³/s)

Explanation: The flow rate is converted from GPM to cubic feet per second, then divided by the cross-sectional area to determine velocity.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity calculation ensures efficient system design, prevents erosion from excessive velocity, and ensures adequate flow for system requirements.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in GPM and cross-sectional area in square feet. Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the 448.83 conversion factor?
A: It converts gallons per minute (GPM) to cubic feet per second (1 GPM = 0.002228 ft³/s, inverse is 448.83).

Q2: What's a typical velocity range for water in pipes?
A: Generally 2-5 ft/s for supply lines, 4-10 ft/s for drainage, but varies by application.

Q3: How do I calculate cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times r^2 \) where r is radius in feet.

Q4: Can I use this for other fluids?
A: Yes, but the results will be for the actual flow rate regardless of fluid type (density not considered in this calculation).

Q5: What if I have diameter instead of area?
A: First calculate area using \( A = \pi \times (D/2)^2 \) where D is diameter in feet.