1. What is the Fluid Flow Rate Formula?

Definition: This calculator computes the volumetric flow rate of a fluid in gallons per minute (GPM) based on velocity and cross-sectional area.

Purpose: It helps engineers, plumbers, and technicians determine fluid flow rates in pipes and channels.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute, GPM)
• \( V \) — Velocity (feet per second, ft/s)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet, ft²)
• 448.83 — Conversion factor (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM)

Explanation: The formula converts the basic volumetric flow rate (V × A) from cubic feet per second to gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations are essential for proper system design, pump selection, and ensuring adequate fluid delivery in piping systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid velocity in ft/s and the cross-sectional area in ft². Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the conversion factor 448.83?
A: This converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³ = 7.48052 gallons, 60 seconds/minute → 7.48052 × 60 ≈ 448.83).

Q2: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: Typically 2-8 ft/s for water, with 4-6 ft/s being common in residential plumbing.

Q3: How do I calculate pipe cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: A = π × (diameter/2)². Convert diameter to feet if necessary.

Q4: Does this work for any fluid?
A: Yes, but the velocity should be appropriate for the specific fluid and pipe material.

Q5: What if I have flow rate and need to find velocity?
A: Rearrange the formula: V = Q / (A × 448.83).