GPM to PSI Conversion

Pressure Conversion Formulas:

\[ P = \frac{V^2 \times \rho}{2 \times 144} \] \[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \]

Velocity (V): ft/s

Pressure (P): psi

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1. What is GPM to PSI Conversion?

Definition: This calculator converts flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM) to pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI) using pipe area and fluid density.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians determine the pressure generated by fluid flow in pipes for hydraulic systems and plumbing applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses these formulas:

\[ P = \frac{V^2 \times \rho}{2 \times 144} \] \[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \]

Where:

\( P \) — Pressure (psi)
\( V \) — Velocity (ft/s)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (lb/ft³)
\( Q \) — Flow rate (GPM)
\( A \) — Pipe cross-sectional area (ft²)

Explanation: First converts GPM to velocity, then calculates dynamic pressure using fluid density.

3. Importance of GPM to PSI Conversion

Details: Proper pressure calculation ensures system safety, adequate flow rates, and proper equipment sizing in hydraulic systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in GPM, pipe area in square feet, and fluid density (default 62.4 lb/ft³ for water). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is pipe area important in this calculation?
A: Pipe area determines the fluid velocity, which directly affects the dynamic pressure.

Q2: What's a typical fluid density for water?
A: Water at 60°F has a density of 62.4 lb/ft³. This varies slightly with temperature.

Q3: Does this calculate static or dynamic pressure?
A: This calculates dynamic pressure based on flow velocity. Static pressure would be additional.

Q4: How do I find pipe area?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times (diameter/2)^2 \), converted to square feet.

Q5: What's the 448.83 conversion factor?
A: This converts GPM to ft³/s (1 GPM = 0.002228 ft³/s) and accounts for unit consistency.