Gravity Flow Rate Calculator - Hazen Williams equation Calculator
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Material | Roughness Coefficient |
---|---|
Cast Iron | 100 |
Concrete | 110 |
Copper | 140 |
Plastic | 150 |
Steel | 120 |
Let’s use the pipe flow calculator to determine the velocity and discharge of a plastic pipe with a diameter of 0.6 feet. The pipe is 15 feet long, and the height difference between the beginning and endpoints is 6 feet.
Divide the diameter by 2 to find the radius:
\[ r = \frac{d}{2} = \frac{0.6}{2} = 0.3 \, \text{ft} \]
Use the formula for the area of a circle:
\[ A = \pi r^2 = \pi \times 0.3^2 \approx 0.2827 \, \text{ft}^2 \]
Calculate the perimeter using the formula:
\[ P = 2 \pi r = 2 \pi \times 0.3 \approx 1.885 \, \text{ft} \]
Divide the area by the perimeter:
\[ R = \frac{A}{P} = \frac{0.2827}{1.885} \approx 0.15 \, \text{ft} \]
Choose "Plastic" from the drop-down list, which has a roughness coefficient of:
\[ C = 150 \]
Divide the height difference by the length of the pipe:
\[ S = \frac{y}{L} = \frac{6}{15} = 0.4 \]
Apply the Hazen-Williams formula:
\[ v = 1.318 \times C \times R^{0.63} \times S^{0.54} \]
\[ v = 1.318 \times 150 \times 0.15^{0.63} \times 0.4^{0.54} \approx 36.48 \, \text{ft/s} \]
Multiply the velocity by the cross-sectional area:
\[ Q = A \times v = 0.2827 \times 34.56 \approx 10.31 \, \text{ft}^3/\text{s} \]