1. What is a Hydraulic Cylinder Flow Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the required flow rate (in gallons per minute) for a hydraulic cylinder based on its area and speed.

Purpose: It helps hydraulic system designers and technicians properly size pumps and select components for hydraulic systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute, GPM)
• \( A_c \) — Cylinder area (square inches)
• \( S_c \) — Cylinder speed (inches per second)
• 60 — Conversion factor (seconds to minutes)
• 231 — Cubic inches per gallon

Explanation: The formula calculates the volume of fluid needed to move the cylinder at the specified speed, converted to gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Proper flow rate calculation ensures the hydraulic system can provide enough fluid to achieve the desired cylinder speed without overworking the pump.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the cylinder's effective area (in²) and desired speed (in/s). Both values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How do I find the cylinder area?
A: For a single-acting cylinder, use: \( \pi \times r^2 \) where r is the piston radius. For double-acting extend stroke, use the same. For retract stroke, subtract rod area.

Q2: Why is 231 used in the formula?
A: There are 231 cubic inches in one US gallon, which converts the volume to standard hydraulic measurement units.

Q3: What's a typical cylinder speed?
A: Most industrial hydraulic cylinders operate between 2-12 in/s, but this varies by application.

Q4: Does this account for system efficiency?
A: No, this is theoretical flow. Add 10-20% for system losses depending on configuration.

Q5: How does flow rate affect cylinder force?
A: Flow rate determines speed, while pressure determines force. They are independent in hydraulic systems.