1. What is a Mass Flow Rate to Velocity Calculator?

Definition: This calculator converts mass flow rate to fluid velocity using the material's density and the cross-sectional area of flow.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians determine fluid velocity in pipes or channels when only the mass flow rate is known.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( V \) — Velocity (feet per second)
• \( W \) — Mass flow rate (pounds per hour)
• \( \rho \) — Density (pounds per cubic foot)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square feet)

Explanation: The formula converts mass flow to volumetric flow (dividing by density), then divides by area and converts hours to seconds to get velocity.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Knowing fluid velocity is crucial for designing piping systems, ensuring proper flow rates, and avoiding problems like erosion or sedimentation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass flow rate in lb/hr, material density (default 62.4 lb/ft³ for water), and cross-sectional area in ft². All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is there a 3600 in the formula?
A: This converts hours to seconds (1 hour = 3600 seconds) to get velocity in ft/s from flow rate in lb/hr.

Q2: What's a typical density for water?
A: Water at 60°F has a density of about 62.4 lb/ft³, which is the default value in the calculator.

Q3: How do I calculate cross-sectional area for a round pipe?
A: Use \( A = \pi \times r^2 \) where r is the pipe radius in feet.

Q4: Can I use this for gases?
A: Yes, but be sure to use the correct density for your gas at the operating temperature and pressure.

Q5: What are typical velocity ranges in pipes?
A: For water, 2-8 ft/s is common. Higher velocities may cause erosion, while lower velocities may allow sedimentation.