Pipe Diameter Pressure Flow Rate Calculator

Flow Rate Formulas:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times (P_1 - P_2) \times 144}{\rho}} \] \[ Q = V \times A \times 448.83 \]

Inlet Pressure (P₁):

psi

Outlet Pressure (P₂):

psi

Fluid Density (ρ):

lb/ft³

Pipe Diameter:

inches

Velocity (V): ft/s

Flow Rate (Q): GPM

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1. What is a Pipe Diameter Pressure Flow Rate Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the fluid velocity and volumetric flow rate in a pipe based on pressure difference, fluid density, and pipe diameter.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians design and analyze piping systems for water supply, HVAC, and industrial processes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses these formulas:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times (P_1 - P_2) \times 144}{\rho}} \] \[ Q = V \times A \times 448.83 \]

Where:

\( V \) — Fluid velocity (feet/second)
\( P_1 \) — Inlet pressure (psi)
\( P_2 \) — Outlet pressure (psi)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (pounds/cubic foot)
\( Q \) — Volumetric flow rate (gallons/minute)
\( A \) — Cross-sectional area of pipe (square feet)

Explanation: The pressure difference drives the fluid flow, with velocity calculated from Bernoulli's principle and flow rate derived from velocity and pipe area.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate estimation ensures proper system design, adequate pressure, and efficient operation of piping systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the pressure values (P₁ > P₂), fluid density (default 62.4 lb/ft³ for water), and pipe diameter in inches. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the 144 factor in the velocity equation?
A: This converts psi (lb/in²) to lb/ft² (1 ft² = 144 in²).

Q2: What does the 448.83 factor represent?
A: This converts ft³/s to gallons/minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q3: What's a typical density for water?
A: Fresh water at 60°F is 62.4 lb/ft³. Saltwater is about 64 lb/ft³.

Q4: Does this account for friction losses?
A: No, this is ideal flow. For long pipes, consider additional calculations for friction losses.

Q5: What's the maximum velocity recommended for water pipes?
A: Typically 5-8 ft/s for residential, up to 10 ft/s for industrial systems.