1. What is Pipe Diameter and Flow Rate Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the required pipe diameter based on flow rate and fluid velocity.

Purpose: It helps engineers and plumbers properly size pipes for various fluid transport applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( D \) — Pipe diameter (feet)
• \( Q \) — Flow rate (gallons per minute)
• \( V \) — Fluid velocity (feet per second)
• \( \pi \) — Pi (approximately 3.1416)
• 7.481 — Conversion factor (gallons to cubic feet)

Explanation: The formula calculates the minimum pipe diameter needed to maintain a desired flow rate at a specified velocity.

3. Importance of Proper Pipe Sizing

Details: Correct pipe diameter ensures efficient flow, prevents excessive pressure drops, and avoids erosion from high velocities.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in GPM and desired velocity in ft/s (default 5 ft/s for water). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's a typical velocity for water in pipes?
A: For water, 3-5 ft/s is common for supply lines, 5-10 ft/s for drainage.

Q2: How does pipe material affect the calculation?
A: The formula is independent of material but consider friction loss in longer pipes.

Q3: Can I use this for gases or other fluids?
A: Yes, but ensure proper velocity ranges for the specific fluid.

Q4: What if I need the diameter in inches?
A: Multiply the result by 12 (1 foot = 12 inches).

Q5: Does this account for fittings and bends?
A: No, for complex systems consider additional pressure loss factors.