Pressure Calculation in Pipe

Pressure Calculation Formulas:

\[ P = \frac{V^2 \times \rho}{2 \times 144} \] \[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \]

Velocity (V): ft/s

Pressure (P): psi

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1. What is Pressure Calculation in Pipe?

Definition: This calculator determines the pressure generated by fluid flow in a pipe based on flow rate, pipe cross-sectional area, and fluid density.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians estimate pressure drops or requirements in piping systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses two formulas:

\[ V = \frac{Q}{A \times 448.83} \] \[ P = \frac{V^2 \times \rho}{2 \times 144} \]

Where:

\( P \) — Pressure (psi)
\( V \) — Velocity (ft/s)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (lb/ft³)
\( Q \) — Flow rate (GPM)
\( A \) — Cross-sectional area (ft²)

Explanation: First calculates velocity from flow rate, then uses that to determine dynamic pressure.

3. Importance of Pipe Pressure Calculation

Details: Proper pressure estimation ensures pipe systems are designed to handle expected loads and maintain efficient flow.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in GPM, pipe cross-sectional area in ft², and fluid density (default 62.4 lb/ft³ for water). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does the 448.83 constant represent?
A: It's the conversion factor from GPM to ft³/s (1 GPM = 0.002228 ft³/s).

Q2: Why divide by 144 in the pressure formula?
A: To convert from lb/ft² to psi (1 ft² = 144 in²).

Q3: What's a typical fluid density for water?
A: Water at 60°F has a density of 62.4 lb/ft³, the default value.

Q4: Does this account for pipe friction losses?
A: No, this calculates only dynamic pressure. For total system pressure, add static pressure and friction losses.

Q5: How do I find pipe cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes: \( A = \pi \times (D/2)^2 \) where D is diameter in feet.