Volume Flow Rate Based on Pressure

Flow Rate Formulas:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times (P_1 - P_2) \times 144}{\rho}} \] \[ Q = V \times A \times 448.83 \]

Inlet Pressure (P₁):

psi

Outlet Pressure (P₂):

psi

Fluid Density (ρ):

lb/ft³

Cross-Sectional Area (A):

ft²

Velocity (V): ft/s

Flow Rate (Q): GPM

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1. What is Volume Flow Rate Based on Pressure?

Definition: This calculator determines the flow rate of a fluid through a pipe or channel based on pressure difference, fluid density, and cross-sectional area.

Purpose: It's essential for engineers and technicians designing fluid systems to understand how pressure changes affect flow rates.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses two formulas:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times (P_1 - P_2) \times 144}{\rho}} \] \[ Q = V \times A \times 448.83 \]

Where:

\( V \) — Fluid velocity (ft/s)
\( P_1 \) — Inlet pressure (psi)
\( P_2 \) — Outlet pressure (psi)
\( \rho \) — Fluid density (lb/ft³)
\( Q \) — Flow rate (GPM)
\( A \) — Cross-sectional area (ft²)

Explanation: The first equation calculates velocity from pressure difference, then the second converts velocity to flow rate in gallons per minute.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculations ensure proper system design, prevent pipe overpressure, and help select appropriate pump sizes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter pressure values (psi), fluid density (default 62.4 lb/ft³ for water), and cross-sectional area (ft²). All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the 144 factor in the equation?
A: This converts psi (lb/in²) to lb/ft² (1 ft² = 144 in²).

Q2: Why 448.83 in the flow rate equation?
A: This converts ft³/s to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q3: What's a typical density for water?
A: Fresh water at 60°F is approximately 62.4 lb/ft³. Saltwater is about 64 lb/ft³.

Q4: How do I find cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes, A = π × (diameter/2)². For other shapes, use appropriate area formulas.

Q5: Does this account for friction losses?
A: No, this is ideal flow. For real-world applications, consider additional factors like pipe roughness and length.