Water Velocity from Nozzle

Water Velocity Formula:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times \Delta P \times 144}{\rho}} \]

Water Velocity (V): ft/s

Unit Converter ▲

Unit Converter ▼

From:	To:

1. What is Water Velocity from Nozzle?

Definition: This calculator estimates the velocity of water exiting a nozzle based on pressure drop and water density.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians determine water jet velocity for applications like firefighting, cleaning, or hydraulic systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ V = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times \Delta P \times 144}{\rho}} \]

Where:

\( V \) — Water velocity (feet per second)
\( \Delta P \) — Pressure drop (pounds per square inch)
\( \rho \) — Water density (pounds per cubic foot, default 62.4)

Explanation: The formula calculates the theoretical maximum velocity of water exiting a nozzle under given pressure conditions.

3. Importance of Water Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity estimation ensures effective system performance, proper nozzle selection, and safety in high-pressure applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the pressure drop in psi and water density (default 62.4 lb/ft³). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the 144 factor in the formula?
A: This converts psi (lb/in²) to lb/ft² (1 ft² = 144 in²).

Q2: Why is water density typically 62.4 lb/ft³?
A: This is the density of water at standard conditions (60°F, 1 atm).

Q3: When would I use a different density value?
A: For water at different temperatures or for other liquids with different densities.

Q4: Does this account for nozzle efficiency?
A: No, this is theoretical maximum velocity. Actual velocity may be 90-95% of this value due to friction losses.

Q5: What's a typical pressure drop for fire hoses?
A: Fire hoses typically operate at 100-300 psi pressure drops.